{"id":232,"date":"2020-12-22T19:54:43","date_gmt":"2020-12-22T18:54:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/photos.oceanwp.org\/?p=232"},"modified":"2022-02-04T20:13:15","modified_gmt":"2022-02-04T19:13:15","slug":"terramares","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/index.php\/2020\/12\/22\/terramares\/","title":{"rendered":"Nous sommes les descendants des Terramares"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"232\" class=\"elementor elementor-232\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ecqmkxl elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ecqmkxl\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-qkcbgnd\" data-id=\"qkcbgnd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5cdy1yv\" data-id=\"5cdy1yv\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hsrszwk elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hsrszwk\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-family: Montserrat; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-decoration-line: underline;\">Par Marie Josais Fages-Lhubac<\/span><b style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">\u00a0<\/b><\/p><p><b style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">Terramares, <\/b><span style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">vient du latin<\/span><b style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\"> terra, <\/b><i style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">terre <\/i><span style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">et <\/span><b style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">mares, <\/b><em style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">marais. <\/em><span style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">Ce terme d\u00e9signe la premi\u00e8re vague de peuplement dans les zones mar\u00e9cageuses, au II \u00e8me si\u00e8cle avant JC, dans la p\u00e9ninsule italienne, par les <\/span><strong style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">Indos Europ\u00e9ens.<\/strong><\/p><p>On pense que cette premi\u00e8re vague de peuplement Indo Europ\u00e9en fut \u00e0 l&rsquo;origine des peuples <strong>latins, falisques et sicules.<\/strong><\/p><p>Leur habitat \u00e9tait de type pilotis ou palafittes dites palustres (construits sur les marais et les \u00e9tangs).<\/p><p><b>Les populations de ces villages ont notamment contribu\u00e9 en Europe, \u00e0 la mise au point de technique remarquable du drainage, des digues, des canalisations, des \u00e9go\u00fbts.<\/b><\/p><p style=\"font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-family: Montserrat; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">Aujourd&rsquo;hui,\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">les habitants des\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">Cabanes du Salaison\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">vivent encore sur les marais, comme\u00a0 le faisaient autrefois, les \u00e9trusques et hommes et femmes du n\u00e9olithique, les terramares,\u00a0 dans notre secteur. Voil\u00e0 ce que nous en dit Jean M\u00e9hu, dans un livre intitul\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0Histoire du Lub\u00e9ron\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0:<\/span><\/p><p style=\"font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-family: Montserrat; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start;\"><em style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u00ab\u00a0Mais qu&rsquo;en \u00e9tait-il au II\u00b0 mill\u00e9naire\u00a0?<br \/><\/em><em style=\"font-size: 15px;\">On sait qu&rsquo;en Languedoc oriental, au Bronze final, des groupes issus d&rsquo;horizons tr\u00e8s divers se retrouvaient \u00e0 la belle saison sur les rives de l&rsquo;\u00e9tang de Mauguio pour y pratiquer la p\u00eache, le ramassage des coquillages ou du sel, et pour proc\u00e9der aussi \u00e0 des \u00e9changes. On y c\u00e9l\u00e9brait \u00e9galement des c\u00e9r\u00e9monies dont les figurations du Mailhacien I pourraient conserver le souvenir, et d&rsquo;autres plus secr\u00e8tes sans doute\u00a0: ainsi qu&rsquo;en t\u00e9moignent des cr\u00e2nes humains bris\u00e9s, on s&rsquo;y adonnait encore parfois au cannibalisme.<br \/><\/em><em style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Ces r\u00e9unions (qui rappellent les rassemblements saisonniers fr\u00e9quemment mis en sc\u00e8ne par les romanciers pendant le Pal\u00e9olithique) n&rsquo;impliquent certes pas le d\u00e9placement de toute la tribu\u00a0: il semble m\u00eame plus logique d&rsquo;envisager qu&rsquo;une partie de celle-ci restait \u00e0 garder un tr\u00e9sor constitu\u00e9 essentiellement de r\u00e9serves (c\u00e9r\u00e9ales, semences) qu&rsquo;il e\u00fbt \u00e9t\u00e9 dangereux de risquer sur des pistes incertaines.<br \/><\/em><em style=\"font-size: 15px;\">On peut donc parler d&rsquo;un semi-nomadisme\u00a0&#8211; ou, mieux, (\u2026) d&rsquo;une semi-s\u00e9dentarit\u00e9 qui met l&rsquo;accent sur l&rsquo;aspect p\u00e9renne de l&rsquo;habitat de base.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p><p><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f65c8rx\" data-id=\"f65c8rx\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-du1hyck elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"du1hyck\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-lxg1u49\" data-id=\"lxg1u49\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dibq3xx gallery-spacing-custom elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"dibq3xx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-232 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-medium_large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"dibq3xx\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"AMMS_928d7722a3ad838f4d284ae5dc7c5010\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NDcxLCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvY2FiYW5lcy1zYWxhaXNvbi5mclwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyMFwvMTJcL0FNTVNfOTI4ZDc3MjJhM2FkODM4ZjRkMjg0YWU1ZGM3YzUwMTAtMS5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiJkaWJxM3h4In0%3D\" href='https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/AMMS_928d7722a3ad838f4d284ae5dc7c5010-1.jpg'><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"474\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/AMMS_928d7722a3ad838f4d284ae5dc7c5010-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/AMMS_928d7722a3ad838f4d284ae5dc7c5010-1.jpg 474w, https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/AMMS_928d7722a3ad838f4d284ae5dc7c5010-1-300x214.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f228e3f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f228e3f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b0f7ecd\" data-id=\"b0f7ecd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6199d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b6199d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">En effet, l&rsquo;occupation des rivages de l&rsquo;Etang de Mauguio, remonte\u00a0 \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9poque du bronze. Il suffit d&rsquo;aller \u00e0 la\u00a0<\/span><strong style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">Salle Morastel\u00a0<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">\u00e0 Mauguio, pour d\u00e9couvrir l&rsquo;habitat de cette \u00e9poque, les coutumes et de\u00a0<\/span><strong style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">nombreux vestiges\u00a0: c\u00e9ramiques, urnes fun\u00e9raires, outils, bijoux, etc<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>A l&rsquo;\u00e2ge du Bronze,\u00a0<\/strong>notre zone n&rsquo;\u00e9tait donc pas une zone d&rsquo;habitats\u00a0<strong>diffus,\u00a0<\/strong>au contraire.\u00a0 Toute\u00a0 une\u00a0<strong>r\u00e9partition \u00ab\u00a0en chapelet\u00a0\u00bb des habitats lagunaires, le long des rives de l&rsquo;\u00e9tang de Mauguio est attest\u00e9e\u00a0<\/strong>et la civilisation des hommes des marais\u00a0: l\u00a0<strong>es terramares,\u00a0<\/strong>est av\u00e9r\u00e9. Ces hommes et femmes avaient d&rsquo;ailleurs des \u00e9changes commerciaux r\u00e9guliers, avec les Etrusques,\u00a0par le biais de l&rsquo;\u00e9tang.<\/p><p>Cette civilisation, qui n&rsquo;est plus apparente aujourd&rsquo;hui quand on se prom\u00e8ne aux cabanes de l&rsquo;\u00e9tang de l&rsquo;Or, devrait, \u00e0 mon avis, \u00eatre\u00a0<strong>revaloris\u00e9e\u00a0<\/strong>et redevenir\u00a0<strong>visible,\u00a0<\/strong>tout comme la longue tradition de la\u00a0<strong>p\u00eache \u00e0 la Manigui\u00e8re\u00a0<\/strong>sur l&rsquo;Etang de l&rsquo;Or.<\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">En effet,\u00a0 tout au long du Moyen \u00e2ge et ce, du XI i\u00e9me jusqu&rsquo;au XVIII i\u00e9me, \u00a0 les Cabanes du Salaison\u00a0connurent une\u00a0intense\u00a0activit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique et culturelle, li\u00e9e au ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne des\u00a0Manigui\u00e8res\u00a0,\u00a0 haute technique de p\u00eache m\u00e9di\u00e9vale, r\u00e9pandue dans toute l&rsquo;Europe et particuli\u00e8rement riche aux cabanes de Mauguio.<\/span><\/p><p>L&rsquo;Etang de l&rsquo;or fut un des Haut lieux de cette technique de p\u00eache, dont Marie jos\u00e9 Guigou\u00a0 retrace l&rsquo;historique dans un livre remarquable\u00a0:<\/p><p><strong>\u00ab\u00a0\u00a0<em>Les manigui\u00e8res de l&rsquo;Etang de l&rsquo;Or \u00a0\u00bb,<\/em><\/strong><\/p><p><strong><em>consultable \u00e0 la m\u00e9diath\u00e9que de MAUGUIO\u00a0:<\/em><\/strong><\/p><p>Voil\u00e0 ce qu&rsquo;il en est\u00a0:<\/p><p>\u00a0Vers\u00a0<strong>l&rsquo;an 1000,\u00a0<\/strong>Montpellier vient de na\u00eetre. A cette \u00e9poque tr\u00e8s religieuse, Montpellier et les villages alentours consomment beaucoup de poissons. Or l&rsquo;ensemble lagunaire de\u00a0<strong>l&rsquo;Etang de l&rsquo;Or,\u00a0<\/strong>regorge de poissons. Leur capture, gr\u00e2ce aux manigui\u00e8res (p\u00eacherie form\u00e9e de filets tendus sur des pieux aboutissant \u00e0 des manches, dans lesquelles entrent les anguilles\u00a0\u00bb)(1) va \u00eatre des plus ais\u00e9es.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-baf4aa8\" data-id=\"baf4aa8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65d7d27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"65d7d27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">Au Moyen \u00e2ge\u00a0<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">les notables vont m\u00eame jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0\u00a0 financer la construction des manigui\u00e8res que les rentiers prennent en fermage. Ces derniers embauchent des p\u00eacheurs qui exploiteront la manigui\u00e8re et vivront dans des\u00a0<\/span><strong style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">cabanes\u00a0 faites de pierre ou sur pilotis\u00a0<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">.<\/span><\/p><p>En effet, chaque manigui\u00e8re poss\u00e8de une\u00a0<strong>cabane\u00a0<\/strong>\u00ab\u00a0qui devait \u00eatre rendue en l&rsquo;\u00e9tat par les p\u00eacheurs, \u00e0 qui elles \u00e9taient lou\u00e9es durant le temps de la p\u00eache\u00a0\u00bb. (2)<\/p><p>\u00a0Cette p\u00eacherie devient tr\u00e8s vite florissante. Les manigui\u00e8res abondent, les bordigues aussi\u00a0 ( pi\u00e8ges fixes en forme d&rsquo;arbal\u00e8te). Il faut pour chaque manigui\u00e8re environ 6000 roseaux et 300 piquets qu&rsquo;il faut changer tous les ans. Le marais, l&rsquo;\u00e9tang et les graus(3) sont\u00a0 bient\u00f4t parsem\u00e9s de ces labyrinthes compos\u00e9s de roseau (les bourdigous).<\/p><p>Un espace lagunaire est conc\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 chaque rentier,\u00a0<strong>sous acte notarial,\u00a0<\/strong>avec une digue de 4 m\u00e8tres et une \u00e9tendue d&rsquo;eau de chaque c\u00f4t\u00e9 d&rsquo;environ 130 m\u00e8tres. Des pieux de bois d&rsquo;une hauteur de 2 m\u00e8tres vont d\u00e9limiter leur propri\u00e9t\u00e9 et ce jusqu&rsquo;au\u00a0 18 i\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, o\u00f9 ils seront\u00a0<strong>expropri\u00e9s\u00a0<\/strong>en faveur de la construction du canal des \u00e9tangs.<\/p><p><strong>En 1701,\u00a0<\/strong>la construction\u00a0<strong>du canal de la Province\u00a0<\/strong>, du Rh\u00f4ne \u00e0 S\u00e8te,\u00a0<strong>mettra fin\u00a0<\/strong>\u00e0 cet Art moyen\u00e2geux, ce\u00a0<strong>savoir- faire\u00a0<\/strong>qui aura dur\u00e9 8 si\u00e8cles.<\/p><p>Le coup de gr\u00e2ce sera ainsi port\u00e9 \u00e0 cette\u00a0<strong>grande p\u00eache m\u00e9ridionale\u00a0<\/strong>de\u00a0<strong>l&rsquo;Etang de l&rsquo;Or.<\/strong><\/p><p>Cet art de la Manigui\u00e8re, se pratique\u00a0<strong>encore de nos jours, en Italie,\u00a0<\/strong>sur le delta du P\u00f4 et les rives du lac Fusaro.<\/p><p><strong>Le canal de la Province\u00a0<\/strong>favorisera malgr\u00e9 tout le commerce en reliant le nouveau Port de S\u00e9te au Rh\u00f4ne, mais il aura chang\u00e9 la physionomie du littoral\u00a0; en\u00a0<strong>divisant\u00a0<\/strong>la lagune,\u00a0<strong>la libre circulation des eaux\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0 ne pourra plus se faire. La\u00a0<strong>fermeture\u00a0<\/strong>de certains graus et les d\u00e9placements\u00a0<strong>des ouvertures naturelles\u00a0<\/strong>appauvriront donc progressivement\u00a0 les \u00e9tangs jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 aujourd&rsquo;hui et feront disparaitre cette grande activit\u00e9 socio \u00e9conomique des manigui\u00e8res sur l&rsquo;Etang de l&rsquo;Or.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b5f2996 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b5f2996\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3aaa165\" data-id=\"3aaa165\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-025e1d1\" data-id=\"025e1d1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f6f708 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7f6f708\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-family: Montserrat; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px; font-weight: 600;\">CONCLUSION<\/span><\/p><p style=\"font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-family: Montserrat; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start;\">\u00a0Au 1 er si\u00e8cle de notre \u00e8re, les \u00e9tangs sal\u00e9s de Mauguio et de Carnon, qui s&rsquo;\u00e9tendaient de S\u00e8te \u00e0 Aigues Mortes, formaient avec celui de Thau, une seule et m\u00eame lagune. Ce vaste champ de p\u00eache fut d\u00e9crit comme \u00ab\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 15px; font-weight: 600;\">\u00a0une mer int\u00e9rieure\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0<\/span>et ce surement depuis l&rsquo;\u00e2ge du bronze, d&rsquo;o\u00f9 l&rsquo;installation\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 15px; font-weight: 600;\">durable\u00a0<\/span>des hommes du n\u00e9olithique sur nos marais. Le cordon littoral\u00a0\u00e9tait une langue de terre ferme avec des p\u00e2turages, des vignes, des olivettes, des jardins, des pr\u00e9s et des champs.<\/p><p style=\"font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-family: Montserrat; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px; font-weight: 600;\">\u00a0Melgueil\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0 (de l&rsquo;occitan malaiga, mauvaise eau),\u00a0 aujourd&rsquo;hui Mauguio, fut m\u00eame un port au XII \u00e8me si\u00e8cle, en \u00e9tat de recevoir les gal\u00e8res de G\u00eanes et de Pise, par le grau du m\u00eame nom,\u00a0 seul grau qui a coexist\u00e9 avec celui de Maguelonne au XII \u00e8me si\u00e9cle.<\/p><p style=\"font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-family: Montserrat; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start;\">La d\u00e9signation\u00a0 m\u00eame de \u00e9tang de\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 15px; font-weight: 600;\">L&rsquo;Or\u00a0<\/span>renvoie \u00e0\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 15px; font-weight: 600;\">l&rsquo;Hort\u00a0: le jardin\u00a0<\/span>, (4) en ancien fran\u00e7ais et en occitan et renvoie donc aux manigui\u00e9res qui \u00a0furent de somptueux\u00a0\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 15px; font-weight: 600;\">\u00ab\u00a0jardins\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0 \u00e0 poissons\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 15px; font-weight: 600;\">,\u00a0 occup\u00e9s et cabanis\u00e9s\u00a0<\/span>durant plusieurs si\u00e8cles, alimentant les alentours.<\/p><p style=\"font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-family: Montserrat; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start;\"><span style=\"font-family: Montserrat; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.2px;\">La civilisation des Terramares, d\u00e9j\u00e0 pr\u00e9sente sur les lieux au n\u00e9olithique, p\u00eachait le poisson, le salait, gr\u00e2ce aux salins qu&rsquo;ils exploitaient localement, le fumaient gr\u00e2ce au charbon de bois \u00e9labor\u00e9 aux Fournieux et l&rsquo;acheminaient sur le Salaison, d&rsquo;o\u00f9 son nom. Leurs habitations sur pilotis avaient r\u00e9solu le probl\u00e8me des inondations et leurs conduites en roseau, bois ou bambou, le probl\u00e8me de l&rsquo;assainissement. Que ces devanciers nous servent de mod\u00e8le pour l&rsquo;avenir!<\/span><\/p><p style=\"font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-family: Montserrat; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start;\">(1) le Bescherelle<\/p><p style=\"font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-family: Montserrat; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start;\">(2) Il en reste une aujourd&rsquo;hui visible. Elle est en pierre, dans l&rsquo;\u00e9tang\u00a0 et vous pouvez l&rsquo;observer le long de la route de Carnon.<\/p><p style=\"font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-family: Montserrat; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start;\">(3)\u00a0<em style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u00ab\u00a0\u00a0<\/em>Les \u00e9changes entre la mer et l&rsquo;\u00e9tang effectu\u00e9s par des br\u00e8ches naturelles appel\u00e9es\u00a0: graus.<\/p><p style=\"font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-family: Montserrat; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start;\">(4) On l&rsquo;\u00e9crivait\u00a0: l&rsquo;\u00e9tang de l&rsquo;Ort<\/p><p style=\"font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-family: Montserrat; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start;\">\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f3e9bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2f3e9bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_20220202_110834-1024x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-849\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_20220202_110834-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_20220202_110834-scaled-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_20220202_110834-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_20220202_110834-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_20220202_110834-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_20220202_110834-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6dcb1c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f6dcb1c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Au XXI \u00e8me si\u00e8cle, \u00e0 la Pointe du Salaison, on a toujours recours aux m\u00e9thodes des Terramares d&rsquo;il y a 10000 ans pour maintenir l&rsquo;\u00e9tat des berges.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-417e74e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"417e74e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_20220202_110804-1024x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-886\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_20220202_110804-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_20220202_110804-scaled-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_20220202_110804-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_20220202_110804-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_20220202_110804-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_20220202_110804-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ae348ba\" data-id=\"ae348ba\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Par Marie Josais Fages-Lhubac\u00a0 Terramares, vient du latin terra, terre et mares, marais. Ce terme d\u00e9signe la premi\u00e8re vague de peuplement dans les zones mar\u00e9cageuses, au II \u00e8me si\u00e8cle avant JC, dans la p\u00e9ninsule italienne, par les Indos Europ\u00e9ens. On pense que cette premi\u00e8re vague de peuplement Indo Europ\u00e9en fut \u00e0 l&rsquo;origine des peuples latins, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":467,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-232","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-histoire","entry","has-media"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/AMMS_928d7722a3ad838f4d284ae5dc7c5010.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/232","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=232"}],"version-history":[{"count":33,"href":"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/232\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":889,"href":"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/232\/revisions\/889"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/467"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=232"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=232"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cabanes-salaison.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=232"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}